Anti-TPO (antibodies to microsomal thyroid peroxidase)

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Medicines

Against the background of such treatment, therapy is carried out using the following means:

• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
• glucocorticoids, for example, Prednisolone.

For some patients, surgery is necessary, and the indications for surgery may be as follows;

• Graves' disease;
• nodular toxic goiter;
• iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis.

In order to generally strengthen the entire body, patients are recommended to take vitamins and adaptogens. Subsequently, doctors prescribe medications that you will have to take throughout your life.

Traditional medicine will also be useful in treatment when the level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase begins to increase. As a rule, for three to four months the patient drinks tea, for example, from celandine, chamomile or licorice root, and at the end of the period it will be advisable for him to switch to other remedies.

If AT to TPO is elevated, treatment should be comprehensive and timely.

You can prepare herbal preparations yourself. An example is persimmon tincture, which will help normalize hormone levels. The procedure is as follows:

• squeeze the juice out of the fruit;
• mix two hundred milligrams of the resulting substance with a couple of drops of alcohol;
• leave the product for two days;
• drink one tablespoon of the resulting infusion before meals three times a day.

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Detailed description of the study

Thyroid peroxidase is a glycoprotein enzyme found in the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicles. It carries out the oxidation of iodides to “active” iodine and iodination of tyrosine, subsequently the precursors of thyroid hormones are formed (T4 predominates). Determination of the level of autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase is used as a marker of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland, as an indicator of the risk of developing postpartum thyroiditis. Thyroid function decreases mainly due to decreased T4 secretion.

Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase are specific immunoglobulins directed against the enzyme contained in the cells of the thyroid gland and responsible for the formation of the active form of iodine for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. They are a specific marker of autoimmune thyroid diseases. The thyroid enzyme thyroid peroxidase plays a key role in the formation of thyroid hormones. Thyroid peroxidase is involved in the formation of the active form of iodine, without which the biochemical synthesis of thyroid hormones T4 and T3 is impossible. The appearance of antibodies to this enzyme in the blood disrupts its normal function, resulting in a decrease in the production of the corresponding hormones. Hypothyroidism manifests itself in the form of symptoms such as weight gain, goiter, dry skin, hair loss, constipation, and increased sensitivity to cold. Hyperthyroidism is accompanied by sweating, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, tremors in the limbs, weakness, sleep disturbances, weight loss, and exophthalmos. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies are the most sensitive test for detecting autoimmune thyroid disease. Usually their appearance is the first shift that is observed in the course of developing hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Detection of AT-TPO during pregnancy indicates the risk of developing postpartum thyroiditis in the mother and a possible impact on the development of the child.

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special instructions

But no matter how good and useful traditional medicine is, it is necessary to take into account that against the background of severely advanced forms of the disease, when AT to TPO is greatly increased (we explained what this means above), no herbs and herbal mixtures can correct the situation. Therefore, to prevent the patient’s condition from worsening further, it is necessary to engage in regular prevention. In addition, it is important to strictly observe and fulfill all medical instructions. Any signs that demonstrate or hint at problems in the proper functioning of the thyroid gland should be a signal and an incentive to urgently undergo the necessary examination to determine the causes of the disorders.

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Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, thyrotropin)

A glycoprotein hormone that stimulates the formation and secretion of thyroid hormones (T3, T4).

They enter the body with food and are also synthesized by cells of adipose tissue, liver, and intestines. They do not circulate freely, but are bound to proteins and transported in the form of macromolecular complexes - lipoproteins. They are the main lipids of fatty deposits and food products. The triglyceride molecule contains triatomic glycerol and 3 residues of higher fatty acids, mainly palmitic, stearic, linoleic and oleic.

It is produced by basophils of the anterior pituitary gland under the control of thyroid-stimulating hypothalamic releasing factor, as well as somatostatin, biogenic amines and thyroid hormones. Increases vascularization of the thyroid gland. Increases the supply of iodine from blood plasma to thyroid cells, stimulates the synthesis of thyroglobulin and the release of T3 and T4 from it, and also directly stimulates the synthesis of these hormones. Enhances lipolysis.

There is an inverse logarithmic relationship between the concentrations of free T4 and TSH in the blood.

TSH is characterized by daily fluctuations in secretion: blood TSH reaches its highest values ​​at 2 - 4 am, the highest level in the blood is also determined at 6 - 8 am, the minimum TSH values ​​occur at 17 - 18 pm. The normal rhythm of secretion is disrupted when awake at night. During pregnancy, the concentration of the hormone increases. With age, the concentration of TSH increases slightly, and the amount of hormone emissions at night decreases.

Limits of determination:

0.0025 mU/l - 100 mU/l.

In what rare situations can the study of AT-TPO and AT-TG be indicated in case of normal thyroid function?

• When, during pregnancy, the level of TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) exceeds trimester-specific norms,
• When planning an in vitro fertilization procedure,
• Before prescribing amiodarone, interferon and lithium drugs (since antibody carriers have an increased risk of developing thyroid pathology induced by these drugs)
• To assess the effectiveness of treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer, monitoring of AT-TG levels may be necessary.

Studying the levels of AT-TPO and AT-TG in other situations can be considered redundant, and the interpretation of the results is meaningless.

Author:

Marina Aleksandrovna Sviridonova , endocrinologist

, Ph.D.

How to take it correctly

Blood for analysis is taken from a vein. Depending on the symptoms, the doctor identifies a group of hormones that need to be tested. It is advisable to completely limit physical and psycho-emotional stress for 12 hours, not to drink alcohol, medications or food containing iodine.

Particular attention is required in preparation for donating blood samples for representatives of the fair half - it should be carried out during a certain period of the menstrual cycle, which is designated by the doctor. The donation procedure itself, as a rule, is scheduled for the morning hours, on an empty stomach.