Eggs and cholesterol - how many eggs are safe to eat per day?

Valuable constituent elements

Eggs are unique in their nutritional value. The protein component of the product is a complete building material for the body’s cells and the basis for the creation of enzymes, hormones and other compounds.

Boiled or fried egg whites are not inferior to meat proteins, but are easier to digest by the intestines and absorbed in the body. Egg white contains a number of enzymes (protease, dipepsidase, diastase), as well as a small percentage of glucose.

Chicken eggs contain healthy elements:

• carotenoid lutein – maintains visual acuity, inhibits the action of free radicals and premature aging;
• amino acid tyrosine – protects the body from the effects of stress, improves cognitive abilities (attention, memory, etc.);
• lecithin – contains phospholipids, which improves liver function and helps in the production of HDL;
• lysozyme is an antibacterial intestinal enzyme involved in the regulation of intestinal microflora;
• PNFA or polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, Ω-3, Ω-6) – regulate lipid metabolism, reduce the amount of triglycerides and LDL in the blood;
• MUFA or monounsaturated fatty acids (palmitoleic and oleic) - stimulate the excretion of LDL and break down saturated fats.

Eggs contain a lot of phosphorus, which improves brain activity, potassium, which normalizes heart function, and iron, which supports hematopoietic processes. Fat-soluble vitamins included:

• retinol (A) – nourishes the skin and hair, increases the body’s regenerative abilities;
• ergocalciferol (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3) – ensure the health of the musculoskeletal system, strengthen the immune system, and inhibit the development of oncological processes;
• tocopherol (E) – increases vascular permeability, accelerates blood circulation.

The product contains a complex of B vitamins with a predominance of:

• choline (B4) – an active participant in the metabolism of fats in the liver;
• pantothenic acid (B5), which has a positive effect on the functioning of the brain, adrenal glands and central nervous system.

Fat-soluble vitamins, fatty acids and all lipids are concentrated in the yolk.

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Features of use

Boiled eggs are the healthiest

Quail eggs can already be given to children after one year (but with restrictions), and up to 3 years, a child can eat no more than 2 pieces per day. In this case, there must be complete confidence in the freshness and quality of the product. Adults are not recommended to consume large quantities, since they contain many biologically active components.

Due to its high nutritional value, the product is useful for people who have suffered long-term illnesses to quickly replenish their strength.

Boiled eggs are more beneficial because in this case the largest amount of protein is absorbed. Vitamins and minerals help activate protective mechanisms, improve the functioning of the nervous system and increase potency in men.

Food prepared on their basis improves well-being in diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, high blood pressure and hypertension. Recommendations for use are given in the table.

Table. Who should eat quail eggs:

Important. The body will benefit only if a small amount of quail eggs is regularly consumed; otherwise, their positive effects will be leveled off due to the body becoming accustomed to large doses of nutrients.

Energy value and nutrients in the composition

70-75% of the raw product consists of water. Approximately 12% each comes from proteins and fats. Carbohydrates are present in minute quantities (less than 1.5%). Poultry eggs have different energy values. The largest varieties - goose and duck - are the most nutritious. The nutrient content differs slightly. Geese are the leaders in the amount of protein, and ducks are the leader in the amount of fat.

Comparison table of nutrients and calories per 100 g

The average weight of a chicken egg is 40-45 g, which corresponds to 63-70 kcal.

Cholesterol and saturated fatty acids in yolks

Cholesterol in chicken eggs is about 420 mg per 100 g of product, which is seven times less than the total content of saturated fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, myristic, etc.). Their component is 3 g/100 g.

Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) promote the formation of low-density lipoproteins (“bad” cholesterol), which settles on the inner surface of the vascular walls. This causes the formation of cholesterol plaques. PUFAs and MUFAs contained in egg yolks break down unhealthy saturated fatty acids, but do not completely neutralize them.

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References

1. Zhatkina, M.V., Metelskaya, V.A., Gavrilova, N.E. et al. Biochemical markers of coronary atherosclerosis: building models and assessing their prognostic significance for verifying the severity of the lesion. Russian Journal of Cardiology, 202. - No. 6. — P. 43-50.
2. Chaulin, A.M., Grigorieva, Yu.V. Inflammation in atherosclerosis: from theory to practice. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 2021. - No. 10. — P.186-205.
3. NHS: website / Atherosclerosis (arteriosclerosis), 2021. - URL: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atherosclerosis/ (access date: 08/20/2021).

Calculation of daily norm

The safe daily intake of exogenous cholesterol for people who do not suffer from hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis is about 300-400 mg, saturated fatty acids - 15 g. For high cholesterol, it is recommended to reduce the portion by half. For atherosclerotic pathologies - three times.

Reference: Normal levels of cholesterol in the blood are from 3.3 mmol/l to 5.2 mmol/l.

Considering the weight of the product, it is easy to calculate how many saturated fatty acids and how much cholesterol are in an egg:

• 420*40 (45) / 100=168 (189) mg – cholesterol in 1 pc.
• 3000 * 40 (45) / 100 = 1200 (1350) mg = 1.2 (1.35) g – EFA in 1 pc.

It turns out that the maximum amount that a person with normal blood composition can afford is two eggs a day. For hypercholesterolemia - no more than one. Taking into account other foods in the daily diet that contain animal fat, this portion should be even smaller.

If the level of cholesterol in the blood is normal, there is no need to artificially reduce it. Deficiency is no less dangerous to health than excess. A complete rejection of animal products leads to a failure of biochemical processes in the body.

Cholesterol is an organic fatty alcohol that is found in the cell membrane and protects cells from negativity. Without it, sex and steroid hormones and bile acids are not produced, vitamins A, E, D are not absorbed, interneuron connections are disrupted, and pregnancy does not develop.

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The effect of eggs on blood cholesterol levels

Do eggs raise cholesterol? Based on the composition, normalized use of the product cannot cause cardinal harm to the blood vessels of a healthy person. With hypercholesterolemia, overuse of egg yolk can accelerate pathological changes in the arteries.

Recent scientific research has proven that the problem of high cholesterol lies not in the eggs themselves, but in their improper consumption. Combining eggs with other foods is extremely important.

Depending on the combination of cholesterol with proteins, carbohydrates, fats (vegetable and animal), high-density or low-density lipoproteins are formed. The same rule applies to the unsaturated fatty acids that make up the yolk.

Cholesterol in milk

Eggs become potentially dangerous if eaten with foods rich in animal fats:

• sausages;
• butter (ghee);
• cottage cheese with a fat content of more than 5%;
• hard cheeses, processed cheeses;
• offal and meat of duck, goose, pig.

Based on this, many people's favorite breakfast - fried eggs with sausage and cheese in butter - is a cholesterol bomb. After such a dish, the level of LDL in the blood definitely increases.

According to the diet prescribed for hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, the listed products are eliminated from the diet, but even with normal cholesterol levels, nutritionists do not advise combining eggs with other fats of animal origin.

When eating eggs together with fast carbohydrates, the body first processes sweets. The liver converts excess glucose into triglycerides. The result is an increase in blood sugar and cholesterol levels. The cholesterol found in a boiled egg is consumed by hepatocytes (working liver cells) as a source of bile acids.

Raw yolk is not suitable for the production of bile acids. When eggs are eaten raw, the cholesterol that is not used by the liver remains in free form. Part of it is likely to be transformed into low-density lipoproteins. By increasing the concentration of LDL, the total level of cholesterol in the blood will increase.

In addition to raw eggs: they are poorly digestible by the stomach and intestines, they may contain salmonella (pathogenic bacteria that cause acute intestinal infection), and it is possible that they contain antibiotics added to feed at poultry farms. The raw product inhibits the absorption of iron into the blood, which can cause anemia.

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Useful recipes for atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a serious disease of the arteries. Leads to irreversible processes in the entire vascular system. The development of atherosclerosis causes increased accumulation of cholesterol in the vessels. If the tests are aggravated by improper treatment, complications of the disease are inevitable. To prevent this from happening, you must adhere to the following tips:

1. Green vegetables and fresh fruits help cleanse the intestines and arteries.
2. Eliminate processed meats and reduce the amount of salt in food.
3. Eliminate strong alcohol and tobacco from your diet.
4. To speed up the replacement of “bad” cholesterol with “good” cholesterol in atherosclerosis, include quail eggs in the diet (but in reasonable proportions).

These simple tips, along with doctors’ recommendations, get rid of the disease.

In terms of the content of substances beneficial to the body, quail eggs can compete with many products. However, in everything you need to know the limit and not cross it. There is no need to self-medicate, because you cannot fool nature. Only by following these rules can you safely hope for the maximum effect from little carriers of health.

How to eat eggs correctly

The product interacts well with fiber- and vitamin-rich vegetables (tomatoes, peppers) and herbs (dill, parsley, cilantro, etc.). Boiled eggs will be healthier as an independent dish. In accordance with the latest recommendations of nutritionists, for normal absorption of protein and yolk and to prevent changes in the composition of the blood, eggs are eaten:

• boiled, not combined with anything else;
• in the form of an omelet (fried eggs) with herbs and tomatoes.

For frying, use only vegetable oil.

Help: A diet for hypercholesterolemia excludes the consumption of any fried foods, including scrambled eggs. The omelet is prepared by steaming or in the microwave.

Approximate consumption rates per week:

• for people without blood lipid disorders – up to 8 pcs.;
• for uncomplicated hypercholesterolemia – up to 4 pcs.;
• for atherosclerosis – up to 2 pcs.

In order not to exceed the daily cholesterol limit, patients following a low-cholesterol diet should take into account the total amount of fat (eggs + other animal products).

Important Notes

Material for research Capillary blood

Children under 7 years of age: venous blood/capillary blood (for special indications). Children over 7 years of age and adults: venous blood. Capillary blood collection for examination is carried out only for children under 7 years of age (for special indications)! According to GOST R 53079.4-2008, indications for taking capillary blood are possible: in newborns, in patients with very small or hard-to-reach veins, with large-area burns, and in severely obese patients.